Research
Showcase e-Bug research, publications, evaluations and collaborating projects in a clearer, searchable page that separates research outputs from partnership information.
Introduction
e‑Bug is supported by a strong body of research that shows how education can help children and young people understand infection prevention, antibiotics and antimicrobial resistance (AMR).
These publications, some of which are published independently of the e-Bug partnership, highlight how e‑Bug resources have been developed, used and evaluated in schools and communities in the UK and internationally. They show the impact of engaging, age‑appropriate learning on knowledge, attitudes and behaviours, and share insights into what works best for teaching health topics in real‑world settings.
Together, this evidence demonstrates e‑Bug’s role in supporting effective AMR education and helping prepare schools and educators for the increasing importance of AMR within national curricula, including PSHE.
Latest Research
Overview of e‑Bug
McNulty CA, Lecky DM, Farrell D, Kostkova P, Adriaenssens N, Koprivova Herotova T, et al. Overview of e-Bug: an antibiotic and hygiene educational resource for schools. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2011;66 Suppl 5:v3–12.
Overview of e‑Bug
McNulty CA, Lecky DM, Farrell D, Kostkova P, Adriaenssens N, Koprivova Herotova T, et al. Overview of e-Bug: an antibiotic and hygiene educational resource for schools. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2011;66 Suppl 5:v3–12.
Overview of e‑Bug
McNulty CA, Lecky DM, Farrell D, Kostkova P, Adriaenssens N, Koprivova Herotova T, et al. Overview of e-Bug: an antibiotic and hygiene educational resource for schools. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2011;66 Suppl 5:v3–12.
Overview of e‑Bug
McNulty CA, Lecky DM, Farrell D, Kostkova P, Adriaenssens N, Koprivova Herotova T, et al. Overview of e-Bug: an antibiotic and hygiene educational resource for schools. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2011;66 Suppl 5:v3–12.
Overview of e‑Bug
McNulty CA, Lecky DM, Farrell D, Kostkova P, Adriaenssens N, Koprivova Herotova T, et al. Overview of e-Bug: an antibiotic and hygiene educational resource for schools. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2011;66 Suppl 5:v3–12.
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DownloadAMR, Antibiotics & Antimicrobial Stewardship Education (Core e‑Bug Literature)
Curriculum, pedagogy, behaviour change, and evaluation
- Overview of e-Bug - McNulty CA, Lecky DM, Farrell D, Kostkova P, Adriaenssens N, Koprivova Herotova T, et al. Overview of e-Bug: an antibiotic and hygiene educational resource for schools. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2011;66 Suppl 5:v3–12.
- Overview of e-Bug - De Castro P, Barbaro MC, Salinetti S, Carinci A, Pantosti A, Lecky DM, et al. Information and health literacy for school students: the e-Bug experience in Italy. Journal of the European Association for Health Information and Libraries. 2013;9(1):8.
- Overview of e-Bug - Newby KV, French DP, Brown KE, Lecky DM. Increasing young adults' condom use intentions and behaviour through changing chlamydia risk and coping appraisals: study protocol for a cluster randomised controlled trial of efficacy. BMC public health. 2013;13:528.
- Overview of e-Bug - Joshi P, Newby K, Lecky DM, McNulty CA. Development of a theory and evidence-based sex education intervention on Chlamydia for secondary school students. Health Psychology Update. 2013;22(2):11.
AMR, Antibiotics & Antimicrobial Stewardship Education (Core e‑Bug Literature)
Curriculum, pedagogy, behaviour change, and evaluation

Papers
- Overview of e-Bug - McNulty CA, Lecky DM, Farrell D, Kostkova P, Adriaenssens N, Koprivova Herotova T, et al. Overview of e-Bug: an antibiotic and hygiene educational resource for schools. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2011;66 Suppl 5:v3–12.
- Overview of e-Bug - De Castro P, Barbaro MC, Salinetti S, Carinci A, Pantosti A, Lecky DM, et al. Information and health literacy for school students: the e-Bug experience in Italy. Journal of the European Association for Health Information and Libraries. 2013;9(1):8.
- Overview of e-Bug - Newby KV, French DP, Brown KE, Lecky DM. Increasing young adults' condom use intentions and behaviour through changing chlamydia risk and coping appraisals: study protocol for a cluster randomised controlled trial of efficacy. BMC public health. 2013;13:528.
- Overview of e-Bug - Joshi P, Newby K, Lecky DM, McNulty CA. Development of a theory and evidence-based sex education intervention on Chlamydia for secondary school students. Health Psychology Update. 2013;22(2):11.
AMR, Antibiotics & Antimicrobial Stewardship Education (Core e‑Bug Literature)
Curriculum, pedagogy, behaviour change, and evaluation

Papers
- Overview of e-Bug - McNulty CA, Lecky DM, Farrell D, Kostkova P, Adriaenssens N, Koprivova Herotova T, et al. Overview of e-Bug: an antibiotic and hygiene educational resource for schools. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2011;66 Suppl 5:v3–12.
- Overview of e-Bug - De Castro P, Barbaro MC, Salinetti S, Carinci A, Pantosti A, Lecky DM, et al. Information and health literacy for school students: the e-Bug experience in Italy. Journal of the European Association for Health Information and Libraries. 2013;9(1):8.
- Overview of e-Bug - Newby KV, French DP, Brown KE, Lecky DM. Increasing young adults' condom use intentions and behaviour through changing chlamydia risk and coping appraisals: study protocol for a cluster randomised controlled trial of efficacy. BMC public health. 2013;13:528.
- Overview of e-Bug - Joshi P, Newby K, Lecky DM, McNulty CA. Development of a theory and evidence-based sex education intervention on Chlamydia for secondary school students. Health Psychology Update. 2013;22(2):11.
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